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Vrykolakas

Taip pat vadinamas: βρυκόλακας, vourkolakas, vorvolakas, katakhanas

Folkloras ir mitaiNemirėlisPrakeikimas1500–1899

The vrykolakas is the Greek undead: an undecayed, bloated corpse that walks out of its grave to plague its village. Seventeenth-century churchmen and travellers described islanders exhuming and burning suspect bodies, and Tournefort's eyewitness account of such a case on Mykonos became famous across Europe. Greek and Ottoman-era graves with corpses nailed or weighted down show how old and how practical the fear was. Its contagious, door-to-door spread makes it one of the closest folkloric relatives of the modern zombie plague.1 2

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Pirmasis įrašas

1645

Described by Leo Allatius in 1645; Tournefort witnessed a 'slaying' on Mykonos in 1701

Kilmė

Greek

Graikija, Kipras

Kas jį sukelia

Prakeikimas

Greek tradition blames excommunication above all, along with grave sin, a parent's curse, burial in unconsecrated ground or an animal jumping over the corpse.

Kaip tampi vienu iš jų

Dying excommunicate or cursed; anyone who answers its first knock dies within days and becomes one too.

Intelektas

Šiek tiek intelekto

Silpnosios vietos

cremation
exorcism by a priest
impaling, beheading or cutting up the corpse
opening the grave on a Saturday, when it is at rest
never answering a door on the first knock

Kada jis pirmą kartą pasirodė?

Senovės pasaulis

Viduramžiai

1500–1899

1900–1967

1968–1999

2000–2009

Nuo 2010 iki šiol

1645

Described by Leo Allatius in 1645; Tournefort witnessed a 'slaying' on Mykonos in 1701

lauko užrašai

Ką sako šaltiniai

1

The body does not decay but swells taut like a drum and turns ruddy1 2

2

The name is borrowed from a Slavic word that originally meant werewolf1 2

3

It crushes or suffocates sleepers by sitting on them1 2

4

Some accounts make it an eater of flesh, especially human livers, rather than a blood-drinker1 2

5

During the famine of 1941-42 some Greek families beheaded relatives who had to be buried outside cemeteries, to stop them rising1 2

Šaltiniai

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Tų pačių kraštų folkloras

Erichtho's reanimated soldierRoman (literary), 61

PhilinnionAncient Greek, 150

The corpse of ThelyphronRoman (literary), 170

Vrykolakas of MykonosGreek, 1701

BouplagosAncient Greek / Roman, 150

PolykritosAncient Greek, 150

Ta pati epocha: 1500–1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789

Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750

StrigoiRomanian, 1714

Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725

AbhartachIrish, 1870

Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732