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Vrykolakas

Také zvaný: βρυκόλακας, vourkolakas, vorvolakas, katakhanas

Folklór a mýtyNemrtvýKletbaOd 1500 do 1899

The vrykolakas is the Greek undead: an undecayed, bloated corpse that walks out of its grave to plague its village. Seventeenth-century churchmen and travellers described islanders exhuming and burning suspect bodies, and Tournefort's eyewitness account of such a case on Mykonos became famous across Europe. Greek and Ottoman-era graves with corpses nailed or weighted down show how old and how practical the fear was. Its contagious, door-to-door spread makes it one of the closest folkloric relatives of the modern zombie plague.1 2

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První záznam

1645

Described by Leo Allatius in 1645; Tournefort witnessed a 'slaying' on Mykonos in 1701

Původ

Greek

Řecko, Kypr

Co ho způsobuje

Kletba

Greek tradition blames excommunication above all, along with grave sin, a parent's curse, burial in unconsecrated ground or an animal jumping over the corpse.

Jak se jím stanete

Dying excommunicate or cursed; anyone who answers its first knock dies within days and becomes one too.

Inteligence

Trocha inteligence

Slabá místa

cremation
exorcism by a priest
impaling, beheading or cutting up the corpse
opening the grave on a Saturday, when it is at rest
never answering a door on the first knock

Kdy se poprvé objevil?

Starověk

Středověk

Od 1500 do 1899

Od 1900 do 1967

Od 1968 do 1999

Od 2000 do 2009

Od 2010 do dneška

1645

Described by Leo Allatius in 1645; Tournefort witnessed a 'slaying' on Mykonos in 1701

terénní poznámky

Co říkají zdroje

1

The body does not decay but swells taut like a drum and turns ruddy1 2

2

The name is borrowed from a Slavic word that originally meant werewolf1 2

3

It crushes or suffocates sleepers by sitting on them1 2

4

Some accounts make it an eater of flesh, especially human livers, rather than a blood-drinker1 2

5

During the famine of 1941-42 some Greek families beheaded relatives who had to be buried outside cemeteries, to stop them rising1 2

Zdroje

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Folklór ze stejných končin

Erichtho's reanimated soldierRoman (literary), 61

PhilinnionAncient Greek, 150

The corpse of ThelyphronRoman (literary), 170

Vrykolakas of MykonosGreek, 1701

BouplagosAncient Greek / Roman, 150

PolykritosAncient Greek, 150

Stejná doba: Od 1500 do 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789

Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750

StrigoiRomanian, 1714

Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725

AbhartachIrish, 1870

Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732