The Lancet zombi cases (FI, WD and MM)

Detto anche: Littlewood and Douyon cases

Folklore e mitiNon mortoArrancaDal 1968 al 1999

In 1997 a British anthropologist-psychiatrist and a Haitian physician published the only clinical study of people identified in Haiti as zombis. They examined three individuals whose families said they had died and been buried years earlier. All three had psychiatric or neurological conditions, and genetic testing showed that at least two were strangers taken in by bereaved families. The paper remains the main medical evidence that the living zombi is a social diagnosis applied to vulnerable, wandering people.1 2

⚔️ Combatterlo

Prima attestazione

1997

Published by Roland Littlewood and Chavannes Douyon in The Lancet, 1997

Origine

Haitian

Haiti

Cosa lo causa

Altro

Families attributed each case to sorcery; the investigators diagnosed mental illness, brain damage and learning disability, with mistaken identity in two cases.

Come lo si diventa

Each had died young after a short illness, been buried, and was 'recognised' by relatives years later.

Come si muove

Arranca

One was noticed walking through a market in a detached, shambling manner.

Quando è comparso per la prima volta?

Mondo antico

Medioevo

Dal 1500 al 1899

Dal 1900 al 1967

Dal 1968 al 1999

Dal 2000 al 2009

Dal 2010 a oggi

1997

Published by Roland Littlewood and Chavannes Douyon in The Lancet, 1997

appunti sul campo

Cosa dicono le fonti

FI, a woman buried beside her house, was identified three years later wandering near her village1 2

WD, dead at 18, was identified by his family at a cockfight eight years after his burial1 2

MM was seen in a town market thirteen years after her death at 181 2

Examination with EEG and CT scans found catatonic schizophrenia, epilepsy with brain damage, and a developmental learning disability1 2

DNA and fingerprint tests showed that two of the three were not the dead relatives at all1 2

The authors did find tetrodotoxin in samples of bokors' powder, but thought misidentification the likelier general explanation1 2

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Classe di velocità dalla descrizione delle fonti (arranca), non una misura.

The Lancet zombi cases (FI, WD and MM) circa 3 km/h

Tu, che cammini circa 5 km/h

Tu, che corri circa 10 km/h

Un adulto allenato in sprint circa 24 km/h

Un ciclista veloce circa 37 km/h

Fonti

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Folklore delle stesse terre

Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750

Clairvius NarcisseHaitian, 1980

Felicia Felix-MentorHaitian, 1937