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Illustration of Revenant (medieval England)
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Dossier nr. 011 van 446

Revenant (medieval England)

Ook wel genoemd: revenant, walking dead
Folklore en mythenOndoodWisselendEen slechte dood of begrafenisMiddeleeuwen

Twelfth-century English chroniclers, among them Geoffrey of Burton, Walter Map and William of Newburgh, record a cluster of cases in which a buried corpse walked at night and brought death to its neighbours. The stories are told as recent local news, with named bishops and archdeacons called in to rule on them. The remedies, digging up the body and beheading, burning or absolving it, are the same ones later used against vampires in central Europe. Scholars read these revenants as the product of a failed death, a person stuck between the living and the dead who has to be forcibly moved on.12

⚔️ Vecht ertegen
Eerst vastgelegd
1100
Geoffrey of Burton's account of events around 1090, written in the early 12th century
Herkomst
Medieval English
Verenigd Koninkrijk
Wat het veroorzaakt
Een slechte dood of begrafenis
Clerical writers tie the return to a 'bad death': a sinful or excommunicate life, or dying suddenly without confession and last rites.
Hoe je er een wordt
A person of bad reputation dies unshriven or excommunicate and is buried, but the body does not stay down.
Hoe hij beweegt
Wisselend
The corpse leaves its grave at night, roams streets and houses, often with dogs barking after it, and is back in the tomb by dawn.
Intelligentie
Enige intelligentie
Zwakke plekken
  • decapitation
  • removing and burning the heart
  • dismembering and cremating the body
  • a bishop's written absolution laid on the corpse
  • holy water

Wanneer verscheen hij voor het eerst?

Oudheid
Middeleeuwen
1500 tot 1899
1900 tot 1967
1968 tot 1999
2000 tot 2009
2010 tot nu
1100

Geoffrey of Burton's account of events around 1090, written in the early 12th century

veldnotities

Wat de bronnen zeggen

1

The chroniclers describe intact, sometimes blood-filled bodies, not apparitions12

2

Its presence corrupts the air and is blamed for epidemics12

3

William of Newburgh thought the cases were a recent phenomenon and too numerous to list12

4

Bishops disagreed over the cure: Hugh of Lincoln preferred absolution to burning12

5

Later accounts, such as a Clydesdale case in the Lanercost chronicle, show the belief persisting unevenly12

Zou je hem kunnen ontlopen?

Snelheidsklasse op basis van hoe de bronnen het beschrijven (wisselend), geen meting.

Jij, lopend ongeveer 5 km/h
Jij, joggend ongeveer 10 km/h
Revenant (medieval England) ongeveer 10 km/h
Een fitte volwassene in een sprint ongeveer 24 km/h
Een snelle wielrenner ongeveer 37 km/h

Bronnen

  1. Revenant - Wikipedia
  2. Elif Boyacıoğlu, 'The Revenant on the Threshold', Folklore 62 (2015)

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Folklore uit dezelfde landen

AbhartachIrish, 1870Berwick revenantMedieval English / Scottish borders, 1198Buckinghamshire revenantMedieval English, 1198Byland Abbey revenantsMedieval English, 1400Drakelow revenantsMedieval English, 1090HaugbúiNorse, 1250

Zelfde tijdperk: Middeleeuwen

DraugrNorse, 1250VetalaHindu (Indian), 1070GlámrNorse (Icelandic saga), 1300UpiórSlavic, 1100AsvithNorse (Danish chronicle and Icelandic saga), 1200HrapprNorse (Icelandic saga), 1245