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Hortlak

Tunnetaan myös nimellä: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Kansanperinne ja myytitEpäkuollut1500–1899

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

⚔️ Taistele sitä vastaan
Ensimmäinen merkintä
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Alkuperä
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turkki, Azerbaidžan
Mikä sen aiheuttaa
Ei koskaan selitetty
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Miten sellaiseksi päätyy
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Älykkyys
Jonkin verran älyä
Heikot kohdat
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

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Antiikin maailma
Keskiaika
1500–1899
1900–1967
1968–1999
2000–2009
2010 tähän päivään
1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

muistiinpanoja

Mitä lähteet sanovat

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Lähteet

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

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Kansanperinnettä samoilta seuduilta

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Sama aikakausi: 1500–1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732