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Hortlak

Poznat i kao: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Folklor i mitoviNemrtav1500. – 1899.

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

⚔️ Bori se protiv njega
Prvi zapis
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Podrijetlo
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turska, Azerbajdžan
Što ga uzrokuje
Nikad objašnjeno
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Kako postaješ jedan od njih
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Inteligencija
Malo inteligencije
Slabe točke
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

Kad se prvi put pojavio?

Antički svijet
Srednji vijek
1500. – 1899.
1900. – 1967.
1968. – 1999.
2000. – 2009.
2010. do danas
1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

terenske bilješke

Što kažu izvori

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Izvori

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

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Folklor iz istih krajeva

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Isto doba: 1500. – 1899.

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732